<div dir="ltr"><div>BIND hasn't needed an explicit hint zone for many years, even in
9.11, as Internet root hints are built-in. The only time you would need
to define a different hint zone is if you are running on a network that
is NOT the internet, that has its own roots.</div><div><a href="https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference.html#namedconf-statement-session-keyfile" target="_blank">https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/stable/reference.html#namedconf-statement-session-keyfile</a> is still valid. If you needed it before, keep using it.</div><div><br></div><div>To
answer your other question as well, BIND reads all files that are
linked from "named.conf" using "include" statements and treats them as a
single configuration. It is completely up to you whether you put some
configuration in separate files (Ubuntu does this, for example) or keep
it all in the one file. The end result is the same.</div><div><br></div><div>Cheers, Greg</div><br></div><br><div class="gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, 1 Jun 2026 at 12:15, Renzo Marengo <<a href="mailto:buckroger2011@gmail.com">buckroger2011@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">I know In Bind 9.20.23 Stable version includes built-in root servers,<br>
keeping the hint zone in the configuration remains best practice to<br>
ensure it can be updated ?<br>
1- I should create the zone "." into named.conf ?<br>
<br>
zone "." IN {<br>
type hint;<br>
file "<a href="http://named.ca" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">named.ca</a>";<br>
};<br>
<br>
2- It's necessary to set session-keyfile ?<br>
e.g. session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key"<br>
I think 9.20.23 uses its standard (path+file), what do you think ?<br>
<br>
thanks<br>
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</blockquote></div>