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<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="elementToProof">
Hi Darren,</div>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="elementToProof">
Many thanks for the quick answer. We've run some tests from the client computer using perfdhcp as you suggested. </div>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="elementToProof">
This is what we get:</div>
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<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>perfdhcp</b> returns the error
<span style="color: rgb(200, 38, 19);"><b>"<i>Failed to bind socket 3 to ClientAddress/port=67</i> "</b></span> , even if we run it as root. The workaround was using a non-privileged port with the -L option, but as the guide warns:</div>
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<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<i>no responses will be received from the DHCP server because the server responds to default relay port 67</i></div>
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<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">Following what's mentioned above,
<b>Wireshark</b> now captures an <b>incoming DHCP Offer package</b> from the server instead of only an
<b>outcoming DHCP Discover package</b> from the client.</div>
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<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">The ouput that returns <b>perfdhcp</b> from the client is the following:</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>Running: perfdhcp -L 2346 -4 -r 1 -R 1 -p 2 ServerAddress</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">Scenario: basic.</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">Multi-thread mode enabled.</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">***Rate statistics***</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">Rate: 0 4-way exchanges/second, expected rate: 1</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">***Malformed Packets***</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">Malformed packets: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>***Statistics for: DISCOVER-OFFER***</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>sent packets: 1</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">received packets: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>drops: 1</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>drops ratio: 100 %</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">orphans: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">rejected leases: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">non unique addresses: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">min delay: inf ms</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">avg delay: min delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">avg delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">max delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">std deviation: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">collected packets: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>***Statistics for: REQUEST-ACK***</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">sent packets: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">received packets: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">drops: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">drops ratio: -nan %</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">orphans: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">rejected leases: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">non unique addresses: 0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">min delay: inf ms</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">avg delay: min delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">avg delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">max delay: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">std deviation: n/a</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><span style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 9pt;">collected packets: 0<br>
</span><br>
</div>
</div>
</li><li style="font-family: Aptos, Aptos_EmbeddedFont, Aptos_MSFontService, Calibri, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof">From the server side, <b>tcpdump</b> captures two packages:</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b>ClientFQDN.2346</b> > <b>ServerFQDN.bootps</b>: BOOTP/DHCP, Request from
<b>UnknownMACAddress</b> (oui Unknown), length 262, hops 1, Flags [none]</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Gateway-IP <b>ClientFQDN</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Client-Ethernet-Address <b>
UnknownMACAddress</b> (oui Unknown)</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Magic Cookie 0x63825363</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> <b>DHCP-Message (53), length 1: Discover</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Parameter-Request (55), length 7: </div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Subnet-Mask (1), BR (28), Time-Zone (2), Default-Gateway (3)</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Domain-Name (15), Domain-Name-Server (6), Hostname (12)</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Client-ID (61), length 7: ether
<b>UnknownMACAddress</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> <span style="color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<b>ServerFQDN.bootps</b>> <b>ClientFQDN.bootps</b>: BOOTP/DHCP, Reply, length 324, hops 1, Flags [none]</span></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Your-IP <b>RandomFQDNFromRegisteredHostNames</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Gateway-IP <b>ClientFQDN</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Client-Ethernet-Address <b>
UnknownMACAddress</b> (oui Unknown)</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Vendor-rfc1048 Extensions</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Magic Cookie 0x63825363</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> <b>DHCP-Message (53), length 1: Offer</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Subnet-Mask (1), length 4: 255.255.255.0</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Default-Gateway (3), length 4:
<b>NetworkGateway</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Domain-Name-Server (6), length 16: [<b>NetworkDNSServersList</b>]</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Domain-Name (15), length 9: "ffn.ub.es"</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> BR (28), length 4: <b>NetworkAddress.255</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Lease-Time (51), length 4: 4000</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Server-ID (54), length 4:
<b>ServerFQDN</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> RN (58), length 4: 1000</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> RB (59), length 4: 2000</div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"> Client-ID (61), length 7: ether
<b>UnknownMACAddress</b></div>
</div>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; font-size: 8pt; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);">
<div role="presentation" class="elementToProof"><b><br>
</b></div>
</div>
</li></ul>
<div style="font-family: "Consolas", "Courier", monospace; color: rgb(200, 38, 19);" class="elementToProof">
<span style="font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Unfortunately, when we do the test of shutting down the current dhcp server for 3 minutes and toggling the client's network interface, it still fails to get its
IP address offered .</span><span style="font-size: 8pt;"><b><br>
<br>
</b></span><span style="font-family: "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">We'll later send you the log files with anonymized IP and MAC Addresses for safety.</span><span style="font-size: 8pt;"><b><br>
<br>
</b></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="elementToProof">
<b>Daniel Garrapucho Lévy</b></div>
<p class="elementToProof" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Tècnic informàtic<br>
<br>
<b>Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada<br>
</b>Facultat de Física</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<br>
</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Martí i Franquès, 1<br>
08028 Barcelona<br>
Despatx 344<br>
Email: </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(12, 100, 192);"><u>daniel.garrapucho@ub.edu<br>
<br>
</u></span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><b><img height="54" width="147" style="width: 147.051px; height: 54px; max-width: 798px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;" id="x_image_0" data-outlook-trace="F:1|T:1" src="cid:0e82611d-ee39-4f63-b977-166a0d7671d6"></b></span></p>
</div>
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<div id="divRplyFwdMsg" dir="ltr"><font face="Calibri, sans-serif" style="font-size:11pt" color="#000000"><b>De:</b> Kea-users <kea-users-bounces@lists.isc.org> de part de Darren Ankney <darren.ankney@gmail.com><br>
<b>Enviat el:</b> dimecres, 10 de desembre de 2025 16:25<br>
<b>Per a:</b> Kea user's list <kea-users@lists.isc.org><br>
<b>Tema:</b> Re: [Kea-users] Kea server can't send ACK packets</font>
<div> </div>
</div>
<div class="BodyFragment"><font size="2"><span style="font-size:11pt;">
<div class="PlainText">Hi Daniel,<br>
<br>
This looks similar to:<br>
<a href="https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/kea/-/issues/3662__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!S4kA00EHgt5ChCa7Cgv1e0NjWf_WkVGatJnpciFieVpvhCysjpALaSqNxCVvF36I1SY3excZd0x-yKFJFhrbbckL8adh$">https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/kea/-/issues/3662__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!S4kA00EHgt5ChCa7Cgv1e0NjWf_WkVGatJnpciFieVpvhCysjpALaSqNxCVvF36I1SY3excZd0x-yKFJFhrbbckL8adh$</a>
but perhaps not<br>
the same since you stated it happens regardless of socket type used. I<br>
suspect this might be happening due to some strangeness in the packet<br>
sent by nmap. Please try testing with perfdhcp<br>
(<a href=""></a>https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://kea.readthedocs.io/en/stable/man/perfdhcp.8.html__;!!D9dNQwwGXtA!S4kA00EHgt5ChCa7Cgv1e0NjWf_WkVGatJnpciFieVpvhCysjpALaSqNxCVvF36I1SY3excZd0x-yKFJFhrbba7GUT3T$ ) instead.<br>
This may do a better job of simulating a proper DHCP client.<br>
<br>
A simple command line to use with perfdhcp that would match `nmap -sU<br>
-p67 --script dhcp-discover AddressServer` would be:<br>
<br>
`perfdhcp -4 -r 1 -R 1 -p 2 AddressServer`<br>
<br>
The above will perform a 4-way exchange (DORA). If you only want the<br>
DISCOVER / OFFER part, then add `-i` to the command.<br>
<br>
If that still results in the DHCP4_PACKET_SEND_FAIL error, then your<br>
full configuration, debug log messages, and a packet capture will<br>
probably be needed to understand what is happening.<br>
<br>
Thank you,<br>
Darren Ankney<br>
<br>
<br>
On Tue, Dec 9, 2025 at 10:03 AM Daniel Garrapucho Levy<br>
<daniel.garrapucho@ub.edu> wrote:<br>
><br>
> Greetings !<br>
><br>
> We just installed isc-kea in our server and configured it according to what is instructed in the Documentation.<br>
> The server receives DHCP DISCOVERY packages, but it doesn't seem to be able to send back any ACK response.<br>
> The only clue we have so far is the log file we configured for dhcp packets :<br>
> Given the following variables, this is what we get whenever we simulate a DHCP Discovery broadcast with nmap<br>
><br>
> AddressCliet: IP address of the client from which we run the tests<br>
> AddressServer: IP address of the server where Kea DHCP is installed<br>
> MACClient: MAC address of the client from which we run the tests.<br>
><br>
><br>
> Command used from the client: nmap -sU -p67 --script dhcp-discover AddressServer<br>
><br>
> DHCP4_BUFFER_RECEIVED received buffer from AddressClient:RandomPort to AddressServer:67 over interface NetworkInterface<br>
> DHCP4_PACKET_RECEIVED [hwtype=1 MACClient], cid=[no info], tid=0x624894ca: DHCPDISCOVER (type 1) received from AddressClient to AddressServer on interface NetworkInterface<br>
> DHCP4_PACKET_SEND [hwtype=1 MACClient], cid=[no info], tid=0x624894ca: trying to send packet DHCPOFFER (type 2) from AddressServer:67 to 255.255.255.255:68 on interface NetworkInterface<br>
> DHCP4_PACKET_SEND_FAIL [hwtype=1 MACClient], cid=[no info], tid=0x624894ca: failed to send DHCPv4 packet: pkt4 send failed: sendmsg() returned with an error: Permission denied<br>
><br>
><br>
> We have already made sure that the subnet we have configured is using the rigth network interface and we have opened both UDP ports 67/68 on the server using ufw, but to no avail. Using udp or raw packets gives the same outcome.<br>
><br>
> We also checked that the kea sockets directory is owned by user _kea:_kea with mode 0755<br>
><br>
> This is the information of the server where Kea is installed<br>
><br>
><br>
> OS<br>
> Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS<br>
> Kea version<br>
> 3.0.2<br>
> Installation method<br>
> Package from Cloudsmith repository<br>
><br>
><br>
> And this is the configuration of the dhcp server service:<br>
> [Unit]<br>
> Description=ISC KEA IPv4 DHCP daemon<br>
> Documentation=man:kea-dhcp4(8)<br>
> Wants=network-online.target mariadb.service<br>
> Requires=kea-ctrl-agent.service<br>
> After=network-online.target mariadb.service mysql.service<br>
><br>
> [Service]<br>
> ExecStart=/usr/sbin/kea-dhcp4 -c /etc/kea/kea-dhcp4.conf<br>
> RuntimeDirectory=kea<br>
><br>
> [Install]<br>
> WantedBy=multi-user.target<br>
><br>
> Any idea what can be wrong ? Many thanks for the hard work !<br>
><br>
><br>
> Daniel Garrapucho Lévy<br>
><br>
> Tècnic informàtic<br>
><br>
> Departament de Física de la Matèria Condensada<br>
> Facultat de Física<br>
> Martí i Franquès, 1<br>
> 08028 Barcelona<br>
> Despatx 344<br>
> Email: daniel.garrapucho@ub.edu<br>
><br>
><br>
><br>
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